India is the Second Largest Arms Importer After Ukraine: SIPRI Report

India has emerged as the world’s second-largest arms importer after Ukraine, according to the latest report by the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) covering the period 2020–2024. The report highlights a shift in global arms trade trends, with India accounting for 8.3% of total global arms imports, while Ukraine, driven by its ongoing conflict with Russia, leads with 8.8% of the imports.

India’s Arms Imports: A Declining Trend

Despite maintaining its position among the top importers, India’s arms imports saw a decline of 9.3% compared to the previous five-year period (2015–2019). This reduction is part of India's efforts to strengthen indigenous defense manufacturing under the 'Atmanirbhar Bharat' initiative. However, India's strategic needs—especially in response to border tensions with China and Pakistan—continue to drive significant military acquisitions.

Russia Remains the Largest Supplier, But Its Share Declines

Russia remains India's leading arms supplier, accounting for 36% of total arms imports in 2020–2024. However, this is a sharp decline from previous years:

• 2010–2014: Russia supplied 72% of India’s total imports.
• 2015–2019: Russia’s share fell to 55%.
• 2020–2024: The share further reduced to 36%.

This trend reflects India's move toward diversification in defense procurement, seeking advanced technologies and modern weaponry from Western suppliers.

France and the US Gain Prominence

France has become India’s second-largest arms supplier, providing 28% of India’s total imports, a significant rise from earlier years. This increase is largely due to the Rafale fighter jet deal and other defense agreements. The United States and Israel have also strengthened their defense ties with India, supplying advanced missiles, surveillance equipment, and naval systems.

Key Arms Deals in 2020–2024

Some of India’s major arms acquisitions during this period include:

• Rafale Fighter Jets from France (36 aircraft delivered).
• S-400 Missile Defense System from Russia.
• MH-60R Seahawk Helicopters from the US.
• BrahMos Supersonic Missiles jointly developed with Russia.
• Submarines and Air Defense Systems from multiple global suppliers.

Conclusion

While India remains a key player in the global arms trade, its shift toward indigenous production and diversified sourcing indicates a long-term strategic transformation. As geopolitical tensions persist, India's defense modernization efforts will likely continue to shape global arms market dynamics.

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